![]() Ukrainian J Ecol 6:41–62įrancis IS (1998) Observations at a winter Rook and Jackdow roost in Aberdenshire. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, pp 344–361ĭranga AO, Gorlov PI, Matsyura A, Budgey R (2016) Breeding biology of Rook ( Corvus frugilegus) in the human transformed steppe ecosystems (the case of Botievo Wind Farm). In: del Hoyo J, Collar N (eds) HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, vol 2. Ecologia Balkanica 6:104–107ĭos Anjos L, Marzluff J, Madge S, Debus S (2016) Family Corvidae. ![]() ĭobrev D, Dobrev V, Gerdzhikov G (2014) Data on the wintering of the Rook, Corvus frugilegus Linnaeus, 1758 (Aves: Corvidae) in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. contribute to urban flora homogenization? Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 12:359–366. Polish J Ecol 58:511–523Ĭzarnecka J, Kitowski I, Sugier P et al (2013) Seed dispersal in urban green space – Does the rook Corvus frugilegus L. In agricultural landscape - Mechanisms and ecological importance. Ĭzarnecka J, Kitowski I (2010) Seed dispersal by the rook Corvus frugilegus l. ![]() General and Comparative Endocrinol 190:47–60. Ĭornelius JM, Boswell T, Jenni-Eiermann S et al (2013) Contributions of endocrinology to the migration life history of birds. Int Studies on Sparrows 43:4–11Ĭhoi C-Y, Nam H-Y (2011) Breeding range estimation of wintering Rooks in Korea by stable isotope analysis. Int Studies on Sparrows 41:4–21Ĭhmielewski S, Iwańczuk C, Kuropieska R et al (2019) Breeding population of the Rook Corvus frugilegus in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains-Current state and trends. The rooks formed communal roosts with carrion crows and large-billed crows in both cities by joining their autumn communal roosts.īijleveld AI, Egas M, Van Gils JA, Piersma T (2010) Beyond the information centre hypothesis: communal roosting for information on food, predators, travel companions and mates? Oikos 119:277–285Ĭhmielewski S, Dombrowski A, Jabłoński P et al (2017) Breeding population of the Rook Corvus frugilegus in the Mazovian Lowland: Current status and changes. Examinations of regurgitation pellets and stomach contents revealed the rooks fed mainly on spilled rice grains, supplemented with wheat and barley grains, Toxicodendron succedaneum and Triadica sebifera fruits, insects (beetles), and the apple snail. In the daytime, the rooks foraged at croplands at mean distances of 6.3 and 9.7 km from the roosts, in groups averaging approximately 150 and 90 individuals in Saga and Kumamoto, respectively. Wintering rooks gradually increased from November to December and decreased from January to March. To clarify the wintering ecology of rooks roosting in urban areas in northern Kyushu, we surveyed seasonal trends in abundance, daily behavior, and dietary habit of rooks in two cities, Saga and Kumamoto. In addition, rook populations that have previously roosted in secondary forests have recently moved to urban areas in several cities, resulting in urban fecal pollution. frugilegus have been gradually expanding since the 1980s. East Asian populations of rook migrate from breeding grounds in the Eurasian continent around the Amur river basin to wintering grounds in central and south China, the Korean peninsula, and Japan. ![]() The rook, Corvus frugilegus (Passeriformes: Corvidae), predominantly resides in Europe but exhibits migratory habits in the eastern Palearctic region. Based on weather conditions, our advice for one of the best destinations in Austria during April is Vienna.Ĭlick on the name of a city to read more details about it, have more climate data history and see weather forecasts.Factors affecting the choice of breeding and non-breeding grounds in migratory birds are important in order to understand the mechanism determining their distribution areas and climate adaptations. The country is rather climatically homogeneous in this season. Note that the gap in temperature between the different areas in the country is low and the number of rainy days should be the same across the country. If you want to avoid rain, your preferred destination could be Vienna. Depending on your exact destination, you can face more or less rain, the average amount of rain observed during April in Austria is 67 mm and you can have between 8 and 11 rainy days. Among our chosen destinations (see below), the average temperatures you'll face in April would be between 6.5☌ and 15.5☌, with exceptional possible peaks as low as -3☌ and high as 30☌ as observed in previous years. Climate in April, picked destinations In April, weather conditions in Austria make it a medium trip destination. ![]()
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